105-944 - Special Fort Totten Natural Area District-4 LAST AMENDED 12/5/2024 (a) General purposes The "Special Fort Totten Natural Area District"-4 (hereinafter referred to as the Special District), established in this Resolution, is designed to promote and protect public health, safety, general welfare and amenity. These general goals include, among others, the following general purposes: (1) to preserve, protect and enhance the combination of historically significant buildings and other structures, public open spaces, outstanding scenic views and pedestrian and vehicular circulation system which by their siting create a unique balance between buildings and open spaces and which, together with the harmonious scale of development and landscaping, add to the quality of life in the area; (2) to protect aquatic, biologic, geologic, topographic and other natural features having ecological and conservation values and functions; (3) to improve the quality of new development in the area by fostering the provision of specified public amenities and recreational facilities in appropriate locations and by making these facilities directly accessible to the public; and (4) to promote the desirable use of land improvements in accordance with the District Plan and in conformance with the character of the Fort Totten area and thus conserve the value of land and buildings and thereby protect the City's tax revenue. (b) Definitions (1) Designated open space The "designated open space" is an #open space# as shown on the District Plan. (2) Street For the purpose of this Section, a "street" is a way existing within the #Special Fort Totten Natural Area District#-4 as shown on the District Plan (Appendix A) complying with the definition of #street# in Section 12- 10, except that the #street# width shall be limited to existing dimensions. No modification of existing dimensions shall be permitted without prior certification of the City Planning Commission. (c) General requirements (1) Requirements for applications An application to the Commission for any #development# within the Special District shall be subject to the requirements of Section 105-021 (Actions not requiring special review). In addition, an application for #development# within Area B shall include the existing and proposed site plan showing the location and the scale of the existing and proposed #buildings or other structures#, the location of all vehicular entrances and exits and off-street parking facilities, the changes that will be made in the location and size of the #open space#, and such other information as may be required by the Commission. The submission shall include a landscaping plan, #building# sections and elevation and an appropriate model of the planned community. The Commission shall require, where relevant, a subdivision plan and, in the case of a site plan providing for common #open space# or common parking areas, a maintenance plan for such space or areas and surety for continued availability of such space or areas to the people they are intended to serve. (2) Pier #development# The Commission may permit, by special permit, pier #development#, only upon finding that the proposed #development# shall have no significant adverse impact on the Special District or surrounding environment. The Commission may prescribe appropriate conditions and safeguards to minimize possible adverse effects on the surrounding area. (d) Special regulations (1) Demolition Except in Area E, no demolition permit or alteration permit for alterations which may affect the character or design of the facade of a #building or other structure# shall be issued by the Department of Buildings, except as permitted by the Commission, unless it is an unsafe #building or other structure# and demolition or alteration is required pursuant to the provisions of Chapter 26, Title C, Part I, Article 8, or its successor, of the New York City Administrative Code. An applicant for any such permit shall notify the Landmarks Preservation Commission of the application. The Commission, by special permit, may allow: (i) the alteration of such #building or other structure#, provided that such alteration treatment of the facade relates harmoniously to the character and materials of the original facade and to the adjoining #buildings or other structures#; or (ii) the demolition of such #buildings or other structures#, other than those deemed unsafe as defined by the Department of Buildings, provided that the Commission finds that the existing #building or other structures# are not suitable for rehabilitation. Where a #building or other structure# has been demolished pursuant to this Section, the Commission may, by special permit, allow the replacement of the demolished structure provided that the design of the new structure in terms of scale, #lot coverage#, #building# height and exterior treatment of the facade shall replicate as nearly as possible the design and site plan of the original #building#. (2) Special height regulations In order to preserve the unique character of the Special District and to protect the views of and to the water within the Special District, Section 23-631 (General provisions) shall apply except that the maximum height for any #development# or #enlargement# shall be 32 feet or three #stories#, whichever is less. (3) Location of zoning district boundaries at the shore line Zoning district boundary lines shall coincide with the shore line lawfully existing on April 28, 1983, or any natural or lawful alteration thereof. A zoning district boundary line which intersects the shore line lawfully existing on April 28, 1983 shall be prolongated, in a straight line, to such naturally or lawfully altered shore line. Lawfully approved piers or other lawfully approved structural extensions of the shore line, as may be so altered, shall not generate development rights. (4) Designated open space Any #development# or #site alteration# on a #zoning lot# which contains #designated open space# as shown on the District Plan, shall require certification by the Commission that such #designated open space# shall not be reduced in size or altered in shape and shall be preserved in its natural state by the owner of the #zoning lot#. Planting, landscaping or provision of footpaths or sitting areas are permitted in any part of #designated open space#, provided that such improvements do not involve removal of trees or alteration of existing topography, and do not obstruct pedestrian movement within the public pedestrian ways. #Designated open space# may be used for active recreational facilities provided that the Commission certifies that such #uses# have minimal impact on tree removal, topographic alteration or drainage conditions. All #designated open spaces# shall be directly accessible to the public from public rights-of-way between dawn and dusk. A prominent plaque or other permanent #sign# shall be displayed on all #designated open spaces# in a prominent location, designated by the Commission, visible from the adjacent public right-of-way. Such plaque or permanent #sign# shall have a #surface area# of not less than three nor more than six square feet, and shall contain the following statement: "This area is open to the public between sunrise and sunset." (5) District plan The District Map for the #Special Fort Totten Natural Area District#-4 identifies specific areas comprising the District Plan in which special zoning regulations carry out the general purposes of the #Special Fort Totten Natural Area District#-4. The District Plan is set forth in Appendix A and is made an integral part hereof. These areas and the specific paragraphs of this Section which contain regulations pertaining thereto are as follows: Area A - Historic Fort Area, paragraph (d)(6) Area B - Planned Community Area, paragraph (d)(7) Area C – Water Related Area, paragraph (d)(8) Area D - Bay Area, paragraph (d)(9) Area E - Development Area, paragraph (d)(10) (6) Historic Fort Area (Area A) Within Area A (Fort Area) there shall be no #development# nor #enlargement# of existing #buildings or other structures# except that the Commission may authorize necessary renovation to protect existing structures. In all cases the Commission shall refer all applications to the Landmarks Preservation Commission and Department of Parks and Recreation or other City agencies with primary responsibilities in the conservation area, for its report thereon. (7) Planned Community Area (Area B) In order to protect the unique scale, character and design relationships between the existing #buildings# and public #open spaces# and parade grounds, no #development#, #enlargement# nor alteration of landscaping or topography shall be permitted, except as set forth herein and as provided by paragraph (d)(1) of this Section. (i) Special permit For any #development#, #enlargement# or alteration of landscaping or topography, the Commission may, by special permit, allow: (a) the unused total #floor area#, #dwelling units# or #rooming units# permitted by the applicable district regulations for all #zoning lots# within the development to be distributed without regard for #zoning# #lot lines#; (b) the total #open space# or #lot coverage# required by the applicable district regulations for any #zoning lot# within the development to be distributed without regard for #zoning# #lot lines#; (c) minor variations in the #yard# and #court# regulations required by the applicable district regulations; (d) minor variations in the height and setback regulations required by the applicable district regulations; (e) modifications of the minimum spacing requirements consistent with the intent of the provisions of Section 23-371 (Distance between buildings); (f) permitted or required #accessory# off-street parking spaces to be located anywhere within the #development# without regard to #zoning# #lot lines#, or the provisions of Sections 25-621 (Location of parking spaces in certain districts) and 25-631 (Location and width of curb cuts in certain districts), subject to findings of Section 78-41 (Location of Accessory Parking Spaces), or where such requirement substantially injures the functioning of the existing area, authorize waiver of all or part of the required parking. (ii) Findings As a condition precedent to the granting of a special permit under the provisions of paragraph (d)(7)(i) of this Section, the Commission shall make the following findings: (a) that the #development#, #enlargement# or said alteration is related to the existing #buildings or other structures# in the Planned Community Area (Area B) in scale and design, and that the #development# will not seriously alter the scenic amenity and the environmental quality of the area; (b) that the #development# or #enlargement# be sited in such a manner as to preserve the greatest amount of #open space# and landscaping that presently exists, consistent with the scale and design of the existing #buildings# and the landscaping surrounding the new landscaping arrangement and conditions of the community; (c) that the #development# or #enlargement# is sited such that it will not require at the same time, or in the foreseeable future, new access roads or exits, off-street parking or public parking facilities that will disrupt or eliminate major portions of #open space# and landscaping or will generate large volumes of traffic which will diminish the environmental quality of the community; (d) that minimal landscaping is to be removed during construction and such areas will be fully restored upon completion of construction. The Commission may prescribe appropriate conditions and safeguards, including covenants running with the land which shall permit public or private enforcement reflecting terms, conditions, and limitations of any special permit hereunder to minimize adverse effects on the character and quality of the community. (iii) Parade ground Unless ownership is retained in a governmental agency, the parade ground #designated open space# shall be commonly owned with a #zoning lot# within Area B or Area E and the maintenance of the parade ground shall be the collective responsibility of said owner or owners. The parade ground shall be used for open recreational #uses# and may contain minor #accessory# structures to said #use#. The parade ground shall be directly accessible from the adjoining #streets# along its entire perimeter. There shall be no fences nor walls around or within the parade ground. (8) Water Related Area (Area C) In order to protect the unique aquatic and botanic characteristics of the area, there shall be no #development# in Area C except as provided by paragraph (d)(1) of this Section. (9) Bay area (Area D) In order to promote waterfront related activities, the permitted #uses# in a C3 District shall be modified as follows in Area D: (i) #residential uses#, which #uses# are permitted only above the ground floor of those #buildings# existing prior to April 28, 1983; (ii) all #uses# listed under Use Group VI shall be permitted as applicable in C2 Districts, except #uses# listed in Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealer. (10) Development area (Area E) Any #zoning lot# #developed# predominantly for #residential uses# may be considered a #large-scale residential development#, and authorizations or special permits for such #zoning lot# may be granted in accordance with the provisions of Article VII, Chapter 8, except that the #accessory# #uses# of Section 78-22 (Accessory Uses in Large-Scale Residential Developments) shall not apply. Any #zoning lot# #developed# predominantly for #community facility uses# may be treated as a #large-scale community facility development#, and authorizations or special permits for such #zoning lot# may be granted in accordance with the provisions of Article VII, Chapter 9. In Area E, the Commission may authorize clustering of #single-family# and #two-family residences# and a modification of housing types in order to maximize the preservation of existing #natural features# in the area, and to provide adequate view protection, and to relate these new structures with the existing structures in the general vicinity. Clustering shall be limited to a maximum #street wall# of 100 feet. Any and all bonuses permitted in Sections 78-32 through 78-353, inclusive, shall not apply to #development# in Area E. Appendix A - Special Natural Area District Plan Maps LAST AMENDED 1/19/2016 Map 1. Special Fort Totten Natural Area District-4 Plan Map, Borough of Queens Map 2. New York City Farm Colony-Seaview Hospital Historic District, Borough of Staten Island Appendix B - Glossary LAST AMENDED 6/23/1977 Part I: Certain botanic terms referred to in the text and Part II of this Appendix are explained below: A "tree" is any woody plant with one trunk rising out of the earth and root system, from which branches then spring, usually at some distance from the earth. A tree may be deciduous or coniferous. A "shrub" is a woody plant that has one or more trunks rising from the same root system instead of a single trunk. These trunks or stems may or may not branch at some distance from the earth. A shrub may be deciduous or coniferous. A "herb" is a non-woody plant with a fleshy stem which dies back to the earth level at the end of the growing season. It may be annual, biennial, or perennial. A "vine" is a woody plant whose trunk or stem must be supported by the general environment or other plants. It is unable to stand on its own. A "grass" is a family of herbaceous plants, rarely woody, with hollow round stems. An "annual" is a plant which completes its life cycle in the space of one growing season, that is, it goes from seed to full plant and flower and sets seed in a single season. A "biannual" is a plant which requires two years to grow from seed to mature plant capable of producing seed and then dies. A "perennial" is a plant which lives more than one or two years and usually produces seeds for more than a few years. A "fern" is a perennial, flowerless plant which reproduces by spores. An "association" is a grouping of many plant species over a wide area sharing a common habitat and similar geographic conditions. A "community" is a series of plants, animals, algae, fungi, grasses, trees, shrubs, herbs and other life forms which characteristically grow and live together in harmony, creating a balanced biological environment. Part II: Description of Natural Features defined in Section 105-10 (NATURAL FEATURES): (a) Geologic features (1) Rock outcrop A rock outcrop shows the type of rock underlying the area, the results of surface abrasion by glacier, waterborne or windborne matter, or the results of chemical or temperature weathering. (2) Geologic deposits Geologic deposits include: Soils of different origins such as loess and mineral deposits such as artinite, garnets, zircon, topaz, beryl, tourmaline, algite, tremolite, serpentine, muscovite, amethyst, peridot, jadeite, geodes and other elements of the Precambrian, Odovician, Triassic, Cretaceous, Pleistocene and Holocene geology found in New York City. An erratic boulder is a relatively large mass of rock which has been moved significant distances from its parent rock to be left amidst a geologic area which has a different history and origin than the parent. (b) Topographic features (1) #Steep slope# A #steep slope# includes ground formation with sharp inclines such as hills and palisades. (2) Existing natural topography Existing natural topography includes terrain other than #steep slope# areas. (3) #Topsoil# #Topsoil# includes all of the A horizon, specifically, from top to bottom: the A1 litter layer where organic material, such as leaves and animal matter accumulate; the A2 fermentation layer where organic material is decomposed by fermentation, fungi, bacteria and soil organisms; the A3 humic layer where humus, resulting from the decomposition process, lies; and the B1 mixing layer where the humic substances become mixed with mineral matter. (c) Aquatic features (1) Laminarian zone (i) Rock bottom Characteristic plants: Green algae: Chaetomorphia melagonium Cladaphora gracilis Codium fragile Brown algae: Asophyllum nodosum Sargassum filipendula Agarum cribrosum Red algae: Rhodymenia palmata (Dulse) Ceramium robrum Ahnfeltia plicata Polysiphonia lanosa Seirospora griffithsiana Callithamnion corymbosum Characteristic animals: Diadumene leucolena - Pallid sea anemone Ceriantheopsis americanus - Worm sea anemone Astrangia danae - Star coral Crisia denticulata - Fringed moss animal Bugula turrita - Turreted moss animal Membranipora monostachys - Sea mat Lepas fasticularis - Northern sea barnacle Balanus balanoides - Rock barnacle Littorina littorea - Common periwinkle Littorina obtusata - Smooth periwinkle Littorina irrorata - Salt marsh periwinkle Crepidula fornicata - Common boatshell Polinices dublicatus - Shark eye Urosalpinx cinera - Oyster drill Mytilus edulus - Blue mussel Modiolus demissus - Ribbed mussel Crassostrea virginica - Virginia oyster Petricola pholadiformis - False angelwing (ii) Mud or sand bottom Characteristic plants: Green algae: Chaetomorphia melagonium Cladophroa gracillis Brown algae: Sargassum filipendula Laminaria agardhi Agarum cribosum Red algae: Rhodymenia palmata (Dulse) Cystoclonium purpureum Ahnefeltia plicata Polysiphonia lanosa Seirospora griffithsiana Callithamnion corymbosum Characteristic animals: Ceriantheopsis americanus - Worm sea anemone Littorina littorea - Common periwinkle Littorina obtusata - Smooth periwinkle Littorina irrorata - Salt march periwinkle Crepidula fornicata - Common boatshell Polinices dublicatus - Shark eye Lunatia heros - Common moonshell Mytilus edulus - Blue mussel Modiolus demissus - Ribbed mussel Nucula proxima - Atlantic nut clam Aequipecten irradians - Bay scallop Mercenaria mercenaria - Northern quahog Macome baltica - Baltic macoma Tagelus plebius - Stout razor Mya arenaria - Soft shell clam Corbulua contracta - Common basket clam (2) Beach Characteristic saltwater beach animals: Beach flea: Orchestia agilis Talitrus longicornis Sandworms or Bristleworms: Nereis virens Nereis limbata Nephthys picata Arabella opalina Lumbriconereis tenuis Glycera americana Nerine agilis Cirratulus grandis Cistenides gouldii Clymenella torquata Maldane elongate Ghost shrimp: Penaeus brasiliensis Laldemonetes vulgaris Crangon vulgaris Ghost crab, Horseshoe crab, Green crab: Ocypoda arenaria Limulus polyphemus Carcindes moenas Blue crab: Callinectes sapidus Callinectes hastatus Lady crab,Sand crab,Rock crab: Ovalipes ocellatus Platyonichus ocellatus Cancer irroratus Fiddler crabs: UCA minax Gelasimus minax UCA pubnax Gelasimus pugnax UCA pugilator Gelasimus pugilator Pinnotheres maculatum - Oyster crab Venus mercenenia - Hardshell clam Mya arenaria - Softshell clam Enis directus - Razor clam Tagelus gibbus - Clam Psilaster florae - Starfish Amphiura squamata - Brittlestars Echinarachncus parma - Sand dollar Snails: Haminae solitaria Scala lineata Scala multistriata Polynices heros Polynices triseriata Polynices duplicata Crepidula fornicata Crepidula plana Littorina littorea (Periwinkle) Urosalpinx linera (Oyster drill) Eupleura caudata Columbella avara Columbella similis Columbella anachis Columbella astyris Columbella lunata Nassa trivittata Nassa obsoleta (3) Tidal wetland or saltwater littoral zone (i) Rock bottom Characteristic plants: Blue-green algae: Callothrix spp. Rivularia atra Green algae: Ulothrix flacca Enteromorpha intestinalis Ulva lactuca (Sea lettuce) Monostroma oxyspermum Codium fragile Brown algae: Fucus vesiculosus Fucus vesiculosus var spiralis Fucus spiralis Ascophyllum nodosum Red algae: Hildenbrandia prototypus Agardhiella tenera Chrondrus crispus (Irish moss) Bangia fuscopurpurea Porhyra umbilicalis Ceratium rubrum Ahnfeltia plicata Polysiphonis lanosa Scirospora griffithsiana Callithamnion corymbosum Characteristic animals: Lepas fascicularis - Northern sea barnacle Balanus balanoides - Rock barnacle Littorina littorea - Common periwinkle Littorina obtusata - Smooth periwinkle Littorina saxatilis - Rough periwinkle Littorina irrorata - Salt marsh periwinkle Crepidula fornicata - Common boatshell (ii) Mud or sand bottom Characteric plants: Blue-green algae: Callothrix spp. Lyngbya majuscula Rivularia atra (Mermaids hair) Rhizoslonium fragile Green algae: Enteromorpha linza Ulva lactuca (Sea lettuce) Monostroma oxyspermum Codium fragile Red Algae: Chrondrus crispis (Irish moss) Bangia fuscopurpurea Porhyra umbilicalis Ceramium rubrum Ahnfeltia plicata Polysiphonia lanosa Scirospora griffithsiana Callithamnion corymbosum Bacchairs halmilifolio - Groundseltree Distichlis spicata - Alkali grass Hybiscus palustris - Marsh mallow Iva fructescens - Marsh elder Juncus gerardi - Black grass Limonium carolinianum - Sea lavender Phragmites communis - Reed Ruppia maritima - Wigdeon grass Salicornia spp. - Perennial saltwart Spartina alternifolia - Smooth cordgrass Spartina cynosuroides - Salt reedgrass Spartina patens - Salt hay Spartina pectinata - Freshwater cordgrass Zostera pectinata – Eelgrass Characteristic animals: Ceriantheopsis americanus - Worm sea anemone Littorina littorea - Common periwinkle Littorina saxatilis - Rough periwinkle Littorina littorea - Salt marsh periwinkle (4) Swamp Characteristic plants: Acer rubrum - Red maple Acer - Silver maple Alnus spp. - Alder Arisaema triphyllum - Jack in the pulpit Cephalanthus occidentalis - Buttonbush Cornus florida - Dogwood Epilobium hirsutum - Willowherb Hibiscus moscheutus - Rosemallow Salix spp. - Willow Smilax glauca - Catbrier Smilax rotundifolia - Bulbrier Quercus palustris - Pin oak (5) Marsh Characteristic plants: Acnida - Waterhemp Acorus calamus - Sweetflag Cyperus spp. - Chufa Echinochola - Wild millets Eleocharis - Spikerushes Impatiens pallida - Jewelweed Leersia orysoides - Rise cutgrass Phragmites communis - Reeds Pontederia cordata - Pickerelweed Polygonum - Smartweed Sagittaria - Arrowhead Scirpus cyperinus - Sedge bullrush Typha latifolia - Cattails Zizania aquatica - Wild rice (6) Bog Characteristic plants: Andromeda folifolia - Bog rosemary Arethusa bulbosa - Swamp pink Caldopogon pulcherlus - Grass pink Chamaedaphne calyculata - Leatherleaf, marsh cinquefoil Drosera rotundifolia - Sundew plant Eriophorum virginidum - Cottongrass Iris versicolor - Blue flag, wild iris Ledum groenlandicum - Labrador tea Menyanthes trifoliata - Bogbean Myrica gale - Sweetgale Peltandra virginica - Snakes-mouth orchid Rhododendron viscosum - Swamp azalea Sarracenia purpurea - Pitcher plant Solidago uliginosa - Bog goldenrod Sphagnum - Sphagnum moss Urtricularia conuta - Horned bladderword Vaccinium macrocarpon - American cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccus - Dwarf cranberry (7) Meadow Characteristic plants: Amelanchier canadensis - Shadbush Apios americana - Groundnut Lilium supurbum - Turks cap lily Impatiens pallida - Jewelreed Lysmachia terrestris - Swamp-candles Lythrum calicaria - Spiked loosetrife Sambucus canadensis - Elderberry Spirea tomentosa - Steeplebush (8) Creek, stream or brook Creeks, streams and brooks are often classified by the rate at which the water flows, a fast stream being a water flow of about two feet per second. Creeks, streams and brooks are valuable for their drainage function, the fish they contain both as a source of sport and for the other forms of life which relate to the animal and plant life dependent upon the stream. (i) Fast creek, stream or brook Characteristic plants: Fontalis - Water moss Ulothrix - Algae Diatoma - Diatoms Gomphonema Characteristic animals: Caddisflies: Trichoptera Phyganea Rhyacophila Philopotamidae Hydropsychidae Hydropsyche Pharyganeidae Limnephilidae Leptocerus Leptocella Anthrpsodes Oecetis Brachyecentridae Helicopsychidae Simulium - Blackfly Ple coptera - Stonefly Tipulidae - Cranefly Neuroptera - Dobsonfly Ephemeroptera - Mayfly Osonychia Percina caprodes - Log perch Salvelinus fortinalis - Brook trout Salmo gairdneri - Steelhead trout Salmo trutta - Brown trout Salmo salar - Atlantic salmon (ii) Slow creek, stream or brook Characteristic plants are the same as those in a lake or pond. Characteristic animals: Dragon Fly: Anisoptera Iodonata Water striders: Gerridae Hempitera Odonata Zygoptera - Damselflies Orixidae - Waterboatmen Hexagenia - Mayfly Sphaerium - Fingernail clam Semotilus atromaculatus - Creek chub Ictalurus punctatus - Channel catfish Ictalurus catus - White catfish Ictalurus melas - Black catfish Cyprinus carpio - Carp Esox lucius - Northern pike Esox americanus - Little pickerel Esox niger - Chain pickerel Roccus americana - White perch Roccus saxatilis - Striped bass (9) Lake or pond Characteristic plants: Ceratophyllum demersum - Coontail Duckweeds: Lemna Spirodella Wolffia Wolfflella Myriophyllum - Watermillfois Najas - Naiads Nuphar - Cowlilies Nymphaea - Waterlilies Potamogeton - Pondweeds Vallisneria spiralis - Wild celery (10) Spring Characteristic plants and animals are the same as those found in a swamp, marsh, bog, meadow, creek, stream, brook, lake or pond. (d) Botanic environment (1) Primary succession community area Characteristic plants: Achillea millefolium - Yarrow Anagallis areensis - Scarlet pimpernel Anaphalis margaritacea - Pearly everlasting Antennaria plantaginifolia - Pussy's toes Artemisia caudata - Tall wormwood Asclepias syriaca - Common milkweed Asclepias tuberosa - Orange milkwood Asparagus officinalis - Garden asparagus Aster ericoides - Heath aster Aster linariifolius - Stiff-leaved aster Brassica nigra - Black mustard Chrysanthemum leucanthemum - Ox-eye daisy Cichorium intybus - Chicory Cirsium arvense - Canada thistle Cirsium discolor - Field thistle Convolulus sepium - Wild morning glory Coreopsis lanceolata - Coreopsis Cytisus scoparius - Scotch broom Datura stramonium - Jimsonwee Daucus carota - Queen Anne's lace Dianthus armeria - Deptford jink Dianthus plumarius - Garden pink Epilobium angustifolium - Fireweed Erodium circutarium - Stork's bill Eupatorium hyssopifolium - Hyssop-leaved boneset Euphorbia cyparissia - Cypress spurge Frageria virginiana - Wild strawberries Gnaphalium obtusifolium - Sweet everlasting Holcus lanatus - Velvetgrass Hypericum gentianoides - Pineweed Hypericum perforatum - Common St. Johnswort Hypochoeris radicata - Cat's ear Linaria canadensis - Old-field-toadflax Linaria vulgaris - Butter-and-eggs Lonicera japonica - Japanese honeysuckle Lychnis alba - White campion Matericaria matricariodes - Pineappleweed Ooenothera biennis - Evening primrose Opuntia humifusa - Prickly pear cactus Oaxalis stricta - Yellow wordsorrel Phytolacca americana - Pokeweed Plantago lanceolata - English plantain Polygonum persicaria - Lady's thumb Polygonum pennsylvanicum - Pinkweed Potentilla canadensis - Old-field cinquefoil Potentilla recta - Sulphur cinquefoil Rana unculus repens - Creeping buttercup Rosa virginiana - Virginia rose Rudebeckia hirta - Black-eyed-susan Saponaria officinalis - Bouncing-bet Sedum acre - Stone crop Solanum americanum - Black nightshade Solanum dulcamara - Bitter nightshade Solidago nemoralis - Grey goldenrod Solidago puberula - Purple-stemmed goldenrod Solidago tenuifolia - Grass-leaved goldenrod Spergularia rubra - Pink sand-spurry Tanacetum vulgare - Tansy Taraxicum officinale - Dandelion Trichostemma dichotomum - Blue curls Trifolium arvense - Rabbitfood clover Verbascum thapsus - Mullein Yucca fllamentosa - Yucca (2) Secondary succession community area Characteristic plants of a secondary succession community area include the species found in a primary succession community area, a swamp, a meadow and the following species: Acer rubrum - Red maple Amelanchier canadensis - Shadbush Amelanchier obovalis - Serviceberry Betula lenta -Black birch Betula lutea - Yellow birch Betula populifolia - Gray birch Cornus florida - Flowering dogwood Larix laricina - American larch Lindera benzoin - Spice bush Picea mariana - Black spruce Pinus rigida - Pitch pine Pinus strobus - White pine Prunus serotina - Black cherry Prunus virginiana - Choke cherry Rhus copallina - Dwarf sumac Rhus glasbra - Smooth sumac Rhus typhina - Staghorn sumac Rubus spp. - Blackberries Salix spp. - Willow Sambucus canadensis - Elderberry Smilax rotunoifolia - Bull brier Tilia americana - American basswood Vaccinium - Blueberry (3) Climax community area Characteristic plants: Acer rubru - Red maple Acer saccharum - Sugar maple Amelanchier obovalis - Serviceberry Azalea spp. - Azalea Betula lenta - Sweet birch Betula lutea - Yellow birch Betula pupulifolia - Grey birch Carpinus caroliniana - Ironwood Carya laciniosa - Shelbark hickory Carya glasbra - Pignut hickory Carya ovata - Shagbark hickory Carya tomentosa - Mockernut hickory Castanea dentata - American chestnut Celtis occidentalis - American hackberry Chamaecyparis thyoides - Atlantic white cedar Cornus florida - Flowering dogwood Diospyros virginiana - Persimmon Fagus grandifolia - American beech Fraxinus americana - White ash Gaylussacia - Huckleberry Hamamelis virginiana - Witch hazel Ilex opaca - Holly Juglans cinera - Butternut Juglans nigra - Black walnut Juniperus virginiana - Red cedar Kalmia latifolia - Laurel Larix laricina - Larch Liquidamber styraciflua - Sweet gum Liriodendron tulipifera - Tulip-tree, Yellow poplar Nyssa sylvatica - Sour gum Ostrya virginiana - Hop hornbean Picea mariana - Black spruce Pinus rigida - Pitch pine Pinus strobus - White pine Prunus serotina - Black cherry Prunus virginiana - Choke cherry Quercus prinus - Chestnut oak Quercus alba - White oak Quercus bicolor - Swamp oak Quercus coccinea - Scarlet oak Quercus pallustris - Pin oak Quercus rubra - Red oak Quercus velutina - Black oak Sambucus canadensis - Elderberry Sassafras variifolium - Sassafras Tilia americana - American basswood, linden Tsuga canadensis - Hemlock Ulmus americana - American elm Vaccinium spp. - Blueberry (4) Dune and heathland Characteristic plants: Aster undulatus - Skydrop aster Ammophilia Breviligulata - Beachgrass Baptisia tinctoria - Wild indigo, rattle box Corema couradii - Broom crowberry Comptonia peregrina - Sweetfern Deschampaia flexuosa - Wavyhair grass Gaylussacia baccata - Black huckleberry Helianthum canadense - Frostweed Hieracium venosum - Rattlesnake weed Hudsonia ericoides - Golden beachheather Hudsonia tomentosa - Woolly beachheather Hyrica pennsylvanica - Bayberry Potentilla tridentata - Three toothed cinquefoil Rubus spp. - Blackberries, raspberries Vaccinium angustifolium - Low sweet blueberries (5) Wild grassland A wild grassland exists usually on poor soils and is composed of a mixture of native grasses, such as the following: Dantonia spicata - Poverty oat grass Andropogon virginicus - Broomsedge Bromus spp. - Bromegrass Appendix C - Selection List for Ground Covers and Shrubs LAST AMENDED 2/2/2005 Ground Covers BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME Adiantum pedatum Maidenhair fern Agrostis perennans (A. altissima) Autumn bent-grass Anaphalis margaritacea Pearly everlasting Andropogon gerardii Big bluestem Andropogon glomeratus Bushy bluestem Andropogon virginicus Broom sedge Anemone canadensis Canada anemone Antennaria plantaginifolia Plantain-leaved pussytoes Arctostaphylos uvaursi Bearberry Asarum canadense Wild ginger Aster cordifolius Heart-leaved aster Aster divericatus White wood aster Aster ericoides Heath aster Aster lanceolatus (A. simplex) Lined aster Aster macrophyllus Large-leaved aster Aster novaeangliae New England aster Athyrium felixfemina (A. asplenoides) Lady fern Athyrium thelypteroides Silvery glade fern Carex appalachica (C. radiata) Sedge Carex pensylvanica Pennsylvania sedge Chimaphila maculata Spotted or stripped wintergreen/Pipsisswas Chimaphila umbellata Pipsisswas, Prince's pine, Bitter wintergreen Chrysopsis mariana Maryland golden aster Danthonia compressa Flattened oat grass Danthonia spicata Oatgrass, Poverty grass Dennstaedtia punctilobula Hay-scented fern Deschampsia caespitosa Tufted hair grass Deschampsia flexuosa Common hair grass, Crinkled hair grass Dryopteris intermedia Common wood fern Dryopteris marginalis Marginal wood fern, Leatherleaf wood fern Erigeron philadelphicus Daisy fleabane Eupatorium maculatum Spotted JoePye Weed Eupatorium rugosum White snakeroot Eupatorium sessilifolium Upland boneset Fragaria virginiana Wild strawberry, Virginia strawberry Gaultheria hispidula Creeping snowberry, Creeping pearl berry Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen, Teaberry, Checkerberry Geranium maculatum Wild geranium, Spotted cranesbill Geum canadense White avens, Winter rosette Heuchera americana Hairy alum root, Rock geranium Hypericum ellipticum Pale St. John's Wort Muhlenbergia schreberi Nimblewill Oenothera fruticosa Sundrops, Wild beet, Suncups, Scabish Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern, Bead fern Osmunda claytoniana Interrupted fern Panicum clandestinum Deer tongue grass Panicum virgatum Switch grass, Wild red top, Thatch grass Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper, Woodbine, American ivy Phlox subulata Mountain phlox, Moss pink, Moss phlox Polygonatum biflorum Smooth Solomon=s seal, True King Solomon=s seal Polygonatum virginianum (Tovaria v.) Jumpseed Polypodium virginianum P. vulgare, Rocky polypody, Am. wall fern Polystichum acrostichoides Christmas fern, Dagger fern, Canker break Rudbeckia hirta var. hirta Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia triloba Thin-leaved cone flower Thelypteris noveboracensis New York fern Tiarella cordifolia Allegheny foamflower, False mitrewort Tradescantia virginiana Virginia Spiderwort, Common S., Widow's tears Verbena hastata Blue vervain Vernonia noveboracensis New York ironweed Verbesina alternifolia (Actinomeria a.) Wingstem Viola sororia Wooly blue violet sister violet, Dooryard violet Shrubs Amelanchier canadensis Shadblow Amelanchier laevis (A. arborea) Serviceberry, Allegheny Aronia arbutifolia Red chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa Black chokeberry Clethra alnifolia Sweet pepperbush, Summersweet Comptonia peregrina Sweet fern, Meadow fern, Spleenwort bush Cornus amomum Silky dogwood Cornus racemosa Gray dogwood, Red-panicled dogwood Cornus sericea (C. stolonifera) Red osier dogwood Corylus americana American hazelnut Corylus cornuta Beaked hazelnut Diervilla lonicera Bush honeysuckle, Blue herb, Gravel weed Hamamelis virginiana Witch hazel Ilex glabra Inkberry, Gallberry Ilex verticillata Winterberry Juniperus communis Common juniper Juniperus horizontalis Creeping juniper, Creeping cedar/Savin Kalmia angustifolia Sheep laurel Kalmia latifolia Mountain laurel Lindera benzoin Spice bush Myrica pensylvanica Northern bayberry Physocarpus opulifolius Common ninebark Potentilla fruticosa Cinquefoil, Bush cinquefoil Rhododendron maximum Great laurel Rhododendron periclymenoides Pinkster azalea Rhododendron viscosum Swamp azalea Rhus aromatica Fragrant sumac, Sweet scented sumac/Lemon sumac Rhus copallina Winged sumac Rhus glabra Smooth sumac Rhus typhina Staghorn sumac Rosa blanda Smooth rose, Meadow rose Rubus alleganiensis Common blackberry, Allegheny blackberry Salix humilis Prairie willow Salix lucida Shining willow Sambucus canadensis American elderberry Spirea tomentosa Hardhack spirea Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum Highbush blueberry Viburnum acerifolium Maple leaf viburnum Viburnum alnifolium (V. Lantanoides) Hobble bush Viburnum dentatum Arrowwood viburnum Viburnum lentago Nanny-berry Viburnum prunifolium Black-haw Appendix D - Selection List for On-site Trees LAST AMENDED 2/2/2005 Small Trees BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME Amelanchier laevis Serviceberry Betula nigra River birch Betula populifolia Grey birch Carpinus caroliniana Hornbeam Cercis canadensis Eastern redbud Cornus florida Flowering dogwood Crataegus crus-galli inermis Thornless cockspur hawthorn Crataegus phaenopyrum Washington hawthorn Hamamelis virginiana Witch hazel Ilex opaca American holly Juniperus virginiana Eastern red cedar Populus tremuloides Quaking aspen LARGE TREES BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME Acer rubrum Red maple Acer saccharum Sugar maple Betula lenta Black/Sweet birch Betula papyrifera Paper birch Celtis occidentalis Common hackberry Chamaecyparis thyoides Cedar, Atlantic white Fagus grandifolia American beech tree Fraxinus americana Ash, white Fraxinus pennsylvanica Ash, green Larix laricina Tamarack/American larch Liquidambar styraciflua Sweet gum Liriodendron tulipifera Tulip tree Nyssa sylvatica Black tupelo Picea rubens Spruce, red Pinus resinosa Pine, red Pinus rigida Pine, pitch Pinus strobus Pine, eastern white Platanus occidentalis American sycamore Populus deltoides Eastern cottonwood Populus grandidentata Aspen, big toothed Quercus alba White oak Quercus borealis Northern red oak Quercus palustris Pin oak Quercus phellos Willow oak Quercus prinus Chestnut oak Quercus rubra Red oak Tilia americana Basswood Appendix E - Selection List for Street Trees LAST AMENDED 2/2/2005 Street Trees BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME Acer rubrum Red maple Amelanchier canadensis Shadbush, Serviceberry Carpinus caroliniana American hornbeam, Musclewood Celtis occidentalis Hackberry Crataegus crus-galli inermis Thornless cockspur hawthorn Crataegus phaenopyrum Washington hawthorn Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green ash Fraxinus americana White ash Gingko biloba (male trees only) Gingko Gleditsia triacanthos inermis Honey locust, thornless Liquidambar styraciflua Sweet gum Nyssa sylvatica Tupelo, swamp Ostyra virginiana American hop hornbeam Quercus palustris Pin oak Quercus stellata Post oak Quercus phellos Willow oak Quercus rubra Northern red oak Taxodium distichum Bald cypress Tilia americana Basswood Tilia cordata Little leaf linden Zoning Resolution THE CITY OF NEW YORK CITY PLANNING COMMISSION Eric Adams, Mayor Daniel R. Garodnick, Chair Chapter 6 - Special Coney Island Mixed Use District (CO) File generated by https://zr.planning.nyc.gov on 1/31/2025 Chapter 6 - Special Coney Island Mixed Use District (CO)